Our kids were completely different in terms of knowing their colors at a certain age. My guess is that it's because our daughter is 21 months younger, and we have a complete case of Monkey See, Monkey Do at our house. However, I don't remember our son, at 21 months, being very verbal about his colors. He just had his 4 year check-up, and it stated that he should know 5 colors on the paper from the pediatrician. The only one we couldn't get him to verbalize was silver.
However, colorblindness is an X-linked trait genetically which means it's much more common for a boy to have it if his mother carries the gene. It would be highly improbably genetically speaking for a girl to have the same expression of the gene because both parents would have to be carriers of the recessive trait.
It affects ~1/20 men and largely affects the ability to detect the colors red and green that both appear to be shades of gray.
Here's what MayoClinic says about colorblindness: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/poor-color-vision/DS00233