I have three girls and they were always getting Lice which was weird for me because I never got it as a kid (I had thick, curly, oily, frizzy hair growing-up.).
Remember Lice are not like fleas; Lice can only crawl, they can't jump, and adult lice cannot live for more that 48 hours with out fresh blood. However, Lice eggs (or nits) do hatch every 7 to 10-days so repeat the below steps every 5-days or so until gone. The problem is getting the nits out before they hatch. Nits need human warmth to incubate but they can hatch off the head. Therefore, effective screening and combing is the ultimate accompaniment to whatever course of actions you do. There is no way around the combs.
Save ALL your physical and emotional energies for screening and thorough lice and nit removal. Vacuuming is a sufficient safeguard for any questionable areas or items that may be in contact with those who are infested. You can also put bed linens, stuffed animals, and other items in a dryer for at least 30 minutes. One more thing, if combs dont work, tweezers will.
This is what has worked for us and so far this year we have had not had a breakout (knock on wood, lol):
Use a blow-dryer everyday on everyone's head, especially on the neck and behind ears. Keep the blow-dyer on high heat for at least 15 minutes. Vacuum everyday everywhere even on hardfloors and tilefloors. Vacuuming is the safest and best way to remove lice and fallen hairs with attached nits from upholstered furniture, rugs, stuffed animals, and cars. DO NOT BUY SPRAYS—THEY DO NOT WORK and they are dangerous (this was told to us by both our pediatrician and our family doctor).
Nevertheless, do vacuum those areas with your vacuum cleaner everyday and even use a carpet cleaner every 5-days. Turn your mattress over daily. Use only one pillow per person; throw into the dryer on hottest setting for 30-50 minutes every morning and place clean pillowcase on it every night. Put all plush toys in a plastic bag until outbreak is over. If your child has a favorite toy that cannot part with then place in the dryer with pillow every morning. Wash all clothes in hot water and place in dryer on hottest setting for at least 30 minutes everyday. Do not leave clean clothes out in the open. Wash everyone's hair with RID like shampoos or dog shampoo (it is cheaper and has the same ingredients with added moisturizers) every 5-days (there is no way of skipping this however you only need to do this step every 5-days). Be sure during those days inbetween that you wash hair with some kind of shampoo. After blow-drying the hair, place some kind of hair product in it.
Lice hate hair that is oily. Therefore, this year I have been using hair mousse in the girls' hair after we use the blow-dyer and it seems to be working. A mother at their summer camp said that lots and lots of hairspray will always do the trick but when the hairspray dries it can look like eggs (nits) if you are not careful.
For more information: http://www.headlice.org/
PS: When at the movies or other places that has cloth seating with lots of kids; take a clean towel or blanket to sit behind head and a plastic bag to place the towel in after using it. I think this step is also helping keep the breakouts low.
GOOD LUCK!!!!!!