D.W.
The chlorine in the pool would certainly no longer be irritating their scalps a week later, but I agree that it may have dried them out.
Since you've already talked to the school nurse about head lice, I'd keep checking to be sure. There was a recent publication from the American Academy of Pediatrics that said almost 1/2 of the head lice cases in the US are misdiagnosed (what appears to be head lice is actually food, dandruff, other airborn insects like mites).
Itching only really occurs with head lice after several weeks when an allergy to their saliva begins to aggitate the skin.
I'd ask a pharmacist their opinion on a good medicated shampoo (like T-Gel for people with psoriasis).
Products with essential oils (like tea tree oil) are generally not recommended because they're hard to clean from the hair, and the excessive washing actually dries the scalp out more.
You may also want to call your stylist to see what they recommend.
Good luck!