M. I feel for you! We have just recently gone through this ourselves & I have a lot to say on the topic.......
My child will be 2 on Aug 12th but started climbing out of his crib when he was 21 mos old. I have to add 2 important factors ~ 1) this was 1 mo after my 2nd child was born and the exact DAY my 4 weeks of family help left town and 2) he is highly, highly "spirited". So we started out really tired with not much patience. Also I think we have an extreme case here bc I have not met anyone yet who has endured all that we have had to (although surely there's someone!).
First we converted his crib to a toddler bed bc we figured it was too dangerous since he could easily climb out of the crib. He had a baby gate at his door to keep him at least confined to his room & had a couple books in bed. Then we attempted the Super Nanny technique. We put him in his bed, said goodnight, told him to stay on his bed, and quietly left the room. The second he got out we went back in, put him back in the bed, said goodnight again, & told him not to leave the bed. When he got out the 2nd time we put him back in the bed but said nothing and gave no eye contact (this is what she recommends). Well, after putting the child back in his bed 30-40 times (I am not exaggerating) we were exhausted, but he was also exhausted & finally gave up. We thought ok, if we can somehow find the strength to do this for 1 solid week (at naptime AND bedtime) then surely he will get over it & realize that we are not playing. And for the record, he knew we weren't playing from the beginning bc I am pretty strict & consistent but he really didn't care bc there was way too much freedom there. So we did this routine for 1 solid week and it continued & was basically a nightmare. He usually took 2 or 2.5 hrs to go to sleep, we were dripping with sweat from picking him up 40 times, I was concerned about the baby not getting adequate attention, and everyone was angry & exhausted.
So after 1 week we altered our approach. We would sit in his room & do the same routine (as opposed to right outside the door). The thought here was that our presence would deter him. Again, he pulled the same thing over & over & over again. So we started sitting right next to his bed. But same thing.
So after another solid week of this we tried spanking him when he got off the bed. This also did not work. This was also very upsetting for all of us & not effective.
So we tried for 3 weeks to get him to stay in the bed on his own bc that is what friends told us, the internet said, Super Nanny, etc, and he never did. Everyone said he would get tired of fighting us & get the picture but he never did. We now have come to the conclusion (after reading a little more on the internet) that he is too young and just does not have the capacity to stop himself from doing something that he really wants to do even though he knows it is wrong. The article used some other terminology but can't remember exactly. Also, we realized that our child was controlling us & that was a big part of why it was all so difficult - that was not a good feeling & we felt it wasn't healthy for any of us.
So we considered other options (which trust me, we had previously considered but were not at our rope's end to do until this point). So the options we found are:
1) convert his bed back to a crib and use a crib tent. This didn't work for us bc our child is so spirited my husband was afraid he would try to climb out anyway & somehow get tangled & really hurt himself. Lots of parents on the internet safety pin the 2 zippered ends together to keep children in bc I guess some of them figure out how to unzip themselves.
2) confine then in their room (with either baby gate or by locking them in - yikes!) & let them run wild until they eventually pass out. This also didn't work for us bc once when he climbed out of his bed in the morning I let him stay in there unattended for 5 mins & he pulled the dresser over on himself. It was at that moment I realized his room was not ENTIRELY baby proofed, meaning furniture was not bracketed to the wall, he has curtains he could pull on, there are blinds he might get tangled in, there are things in there I don't want destroyed (like Longaberger baskets & nice toys & books). So this option only works if the room is COMPLETELY baby proofed or as our pediatrician recommended - just take every single thing out of their room except the bed & a few small toys & books you don't care about. My husband & I were not willing to do this. Lots of people subscribe to this but my feeling is bedtime should be bedtime - not playtime until they get so tired they decide to fall asleep. Toddlers should go to sleep when you tell them (or at least stay on their bed & play/talk/sing hopefully quietly until they fall asleep).
So my step father suggested a wonderful alternative that is still working today (3 mos later). We bought a huge playyard (the tallest & largest one we could find) and encircled his bed with it. Since it can still be moved around or he could push it so that he could jump off the side of his bed outside the playyard we had to secure it everywhere. It is jerry-rigged to his bed in 2 places, to the closet on one side, to the chair on the other side of the room, and secured again with another chair to keep it even more stable (it could probably be bent down enough to climb over). This is working!!!!! hallelujah One thing is though, he could someday figure out that the whole thing can be lifted up & he could crawl under but we're hoping that is has been secured enough that he won't be able to easily lift it.
We also recently discovered another alternative. A travel bed (sold by Sensational Beginnings. etc) that looks like a little pup tent. We had to hold the zipper closed & also make sure he didn't push it around so much he hurt himself or roll over with it, but this also has worked while on vacation.
I'm sure it sounds like my child is an absolute terror, but truly he is just so spirited & having fun & exploring things. He does not have a temper as a stranger recently suggested, but destroys things in his room when left alone bc he's having fun & learning about the world and is so young. Sorry so long on your answer here. I think it's partly selfish of me bc I, too, would love to hear from people on this topic as to what has worked for them or what they have had to go through. I tell you, to date, this has been the worst experience as a parent, but I love my children & want the best for them & realize this is just the beginning. ha ha ha!!! :)
M., if I were you I would put him back in a crib until he climbs out. What's wrong with being in a crib? Mine really likes to have his own confined little space and if yours will be safe I'd let it go until you have to deal with it.