Here are frequently asked questions and answers: http://headlice.org/faq/questions.htm
It will take about 2+ weeks at least to get totally rid of lice. First you treat the head to get rid of live ones. Then you comb daily to get rid of any eggs that hatched (babies or nymphs) and any eggs attached to the hair with a metal lice comb (spend the $10 at CVS, they are well worth it and the plastic ones that come with the treatment do not catch all the nits). Then a week later you treat the head again for any live lice that hatched and that you missed with the picking. Then you comb daily for another week to make sure you are no longer getting any hatched babies (nymphs) nor any eggs.
We sat our girl down on a stool in the bathroom with her handheld game, and it took an hour for her fine but shoulder length hair to be fully combed. I would put all her hair over to one side, take about a 1/2 inch flat (so about 5 strands thick) section of it, put the metal teeth of the lice comb against her scalp and run it to the end of the section of hair, swish the metal comb in a white bowl with hot water to see what comes out, then twist that section and let is fall to the clean side of the head. Repeat and repeat and repeat. When you do this daily you will see the bowl full of black spots the first day (after the treatment kills the live ones) and later in the week you should only be seeing tiny specks that at first looked like pieces of a louse to me, but were actually tiny baby lice. After the 2nd treatment a week later we were only still pulling out the occasional egg (tiny white globe close to the scalp, if you can blow it to move it then it is not an egg but dandruff).
A good home treatment for shorter hair is to cover the hair with Cetaphyl cleanser and let it harden. The lice breathe through their exoskeleton and when thevay are covered they cannot breathe and die. But you need to do this daily for about 10 days to make sure that all the eggs that hatched lice are also dead. Some people treat and do the combing then for added measure do the stiff dry Cetaphyl treatment overnight.
You do not have to wash bedlinens daily, you can just put them in the dryer for half an hour. Stuff that cannot take the heat can be put in the freezer for 5 hours.
Vaccum rugs and put stuffed animals in a bag for 3 weeks.
Headlice and their eggs cannot live away from the human head for more than 24-48 hours, so there is no real need to go crazy cleaning, since they die anyway, just don't lay your head where the infected head has been and don't share hats and combs, etc.
Good luck.