I feel your pain. I used to have bronchitis at least 3 times a year, sometimes as much as 5 times. Every cold just went down into the chest. There isn't much you can do - unless there is a rampant infection present, antibiotics won't do anything. I was so tired of Robitussin with codeine just to sleep, I can't even speak coherently about it. If you're like me, your evenings/nights are worse even than the days, and so you can't sleep. If you can't sleep, you can't get well. Even if you fall asleep, the coughing wakes you up. Right?
You can try elevating your head at night - I slept almost vertically just to keep the coughing at bay! There are things you can do to support your immune system - I have not been sick in 5 years and I can't tell you what a blessing that is. I realize it would help if your husband would cook better meals, but our foods are so nutrient-deficient these days that it's still not enough, say the American Medical Association and every reliable nutritional authority you can research. So effective supplementation in a comprehensive and absorbable formula is the way to go. Forget individual nutrients (Vitamin this, Mineral that) and definitely forget pills (not absorbed). So I can help you with that going forward, but it's not a miracle cure for this particular bout of bronchitis.
I would suggest that you cut WAY back on everything. No cleaning, no making beds, no tidying up the toys. Can your husband cut back some of his long hours just for the next week until you improve? If he comes home at a decent hour and gets a decent dinner into all 3 of you, and he gets your son to bed at a decent hour, that would help. He's got to be the one to get up in the morning and deal with a tired child who is running late, and he's got to be the one to put your son on the bus. Maybe then he will realize what a job it is and how important it is. Give the teacher your husband's cell phone number and tell her to call HIM about the problems. Explain that you are sick and that you cannot talk. Tell your husband that he is taking one week to deal with the family issues that always fall to you. If your son doesn't get some rest, he's going to be down with bronchitis too, and then your husband will be taking off full days to care for both of you.
SAHMs need a break too - sick time, vacation time, weekends! Yes, the hurricane took a lot out of all of us, but it's more than that. Your husband may have 50 or 60 hours a week instead of 40, but you have 112 hours a week (that's 16 hours a day times 7 days a week - and that's assuming you sleep 8 hours a night which I'm guessing you don't!). So don't let him tell you he has the harder life.
So, if you do less, and he does more, it will level things off a bit. And that's for every week, not just while you are sick. It will benefit everyone - a child needs to know that he has 2 parents who can cook, bathe him, put him to bed, check his homework, sign his permission slips, do the wash, shop for groceries, run a vacuum, and give him some love and story time too. Try to convince your husband that this bonding time is important, and that the most important role model in a child's life is the parent of the same gender. If he doesn't want his son to grow up to be gone all the time while his wife is sick in bed, he needs to model the behavior he would wish for.