I was pretty overprotective, too, with my first, but one thing that I've really learned since my first is that every baby is different. Yes, there are certain milestones that they need to meet, but if one baby starts eating chunky food a little later than another, that's okay. Or if one baby walks at 10 months, and the next is 12 or 13 monhths, that's okay. But specifically on this issue of the chunkier foods, my 2 1/2 year old had that same problem when she was that age, and my now 9 month old has the same problem. They just have really strong gag reflexes, and with both of them, sometimes they would actually throw up everything if I gave them something too hard for them to chew. I asked my baby's doctor about it at the 9 month check up, and she said some babies are just that way. To this day, my husband has a really strong gag reflex, too, so maybe it is somehow hereditary or something. I have even tried giving my baby canned peaches cut up VERY small, and she just gags on them. She is still on 2nd stage foods, too. My doctor said there is no need to push her to eat more "solid" foods, so long as she is getting a variety of the baby foods. She said to just let it go at her pace, trying a little bit here and there.
One thing that has worked well for my baby is those fruit puffs made for babies, because they dissolve really quickly. But even those, I have to break in half or she chokes on them. But I think she actually does better with those than just thicker food, because she knows when something hard is in her mouth, that she has to chew it a little before swallowing. Also, my doctor suggested little butter crackers that dissolve easily. They are not the most nutritious thing in the world, but they can at least help her get used to more solid foods. I have actually heard apple is one of the worst things to give a child, because they are so hard, and I didn't give my oldest any apple until she was like 2 years old. Some people might say I am too overprotective, but all that it takes is for something to get lodged in their throat.
Anyways, sorry for the long response, but I hope that helps.