S. -
My boy will be 10 months on Sunday. He's been eating baby food since he was four months, and eating bits of "real" food since six months. Since my husband and I don't have any food allergies, we were not as cautious with the foods we let him try, but we were still careful.
For the last three weeks or so, we've been feeding him the food right from our plates, both when I cook and when we go out to eat. He's tasted a variety of spices, and hasn't had a problem with it. I like to think that he thinks he's finally tasting the food that alters the taste of my breastmilk (he still gets breastmilk 6-8 times a day). Look at it this way - other cultures cook with all kinds of spices and feed them to their children, so why can't we? I think doctors' warnings are TOO cautious sometimes.
If you are ready to feed your child more "adult" food, and he's ready too, introduce him to new things. Start slowly, by only feeding him one new item every week or so, letting him try that item a few times in that week so he can get used to the taste and texture. He'll have trouble picking up the food - my son still does sometimes. His pincer grasp isn't perfected yet, but the more they practice, the better they become at it. It'll be messy at times, but that's all part of the fun and learning. Make sure the finger food is cut up into baby-friendly chunks, but not too small because he may not be able to pick it up and he may choke on something too small because he'll have trouble manipulating it in his mouth. I practice a "rule of thumb" - the chunk of food can't be smaller than my thumb, from the tip to the first knuckle (the one closest to the nail). :) Cook and cool hard foods, like carrots and celery, so they're soft and easier to eat. Give him a few pieces of cooked and cooled curly pasta or elbow pasta to experiment with. He'll probably mash the majority of it but it's all in fun and learning. Give him seedless grapes cut into halves or quarters - but don't be shocked if you see the skins intact in his diaper. Babies can't digest the skins of grapes (or bell peppers) yet (and neither can dogs! Ha!). Try chunks of bananas or very ripe peaches or nectarines, tomatoes, etc. ALWAYS use your discretion when choosing to feed your baby something. Be prepared to react to a small cough or occasional small choke; IT WILL HAPPEN. But it's okay, as long as you're there watching him and able to react quickly should something go wrong.
And if you or someone in your immediate family is allergic to ANY food, I'd hold off on giving it to your baby until he's at least a year old, possibly two years. As for my son, he's already tried peanut butter, tomatoes, soymilk, eggs (whites and yolks)...I will NOT let him eat raw or pasteurized honey, because of the bacterial content, but if it's cooked in something as part of a dish then I don't mind.
I know this was a long post, but I hope you can glean some good information from it! If you have any questions feel free to send me a message.
Hope this helps!