J.W.
It will take at least 3 days/nights (usually) to change a routine. Since giving him the bottle is the new routine, you'll need to break it. It's going to be hard and you are going to want to give him the bottle. But, don't do it. Try to soothe him like you did, maybe give him a drink of water from a sippy cup. Tell him that "it's not time to get up yet, it's time to sleep", and leave the room. Let him cry a little before you go back in, because he might need just a minute or two before he goes back to sleep on his own. I know it's tough. You might want to save this for a weekend or for when you will have help the next day. Good luck!