My son (also 3) is also very particular and exhibits some of these same behaviors. We've actually seen a behavioral therapist because of his behavioral rigidity and inability to regulate his emotions when things don't go his way. Unfortunately, there really is no magic bullet that will solve this. It just takes time and patience.
The thing that I think that has helped us the most is that we do not give in when he cries or freaks out, even it is something that has to do with him. For things that affect him personally, we make him speak in a big boy voice and ask nicely for what he wants. And usually we will let his wishes carry the day. If it has nothing to do with him, we just tell him that we are the grown-ups and that we are doing what we want/think is best. When we can use humor, that often helps to distract him. Like I'll tell him in a funny voice, "I'M the mommy, and YOU'RE the little boy!" and he'll laugh and usually let it go. Even so, sometimes he will throw a fit and his tantrums can last several minutes. I have often left the room for my own sanity. It can be exhausting, but I never wanted to reinforce that screaming and crying will get him his way.
Also, we try to give lots of positive reinforcement when he deals with an uncomfortable situation with equanimity. Lots of "good jobs," "thank yous," and "what a big boys" when he is calm during a situation that would typically precipitate a tantrum. Sticker charts have also historically been helpful in this regard.
Things have gotten a lot better for us. He still very occasionally has tantrums when he is not getting his way, but I think he has learned that they are not effective. Now when he cries, I frequently tell him, "Does this ever work for you?" and he realizes that it really doesn't. And I can tell him, "You need to stop crying by the time I count to ten or else I will leave the room," and he will almost instantly stop.
Your son will probably always be someone who is more rigid and controlling than most. That probably isn't something that you can break him of. What you really want is for him to be able to learn to pick his battles as well as to learn to control himself so that he can express his desires in acceptable ways.
Good luck!