M.R.
This is a small cyst that has formed where the original piercing occurred in her ear. Happens all the time but you need to get rid of it. These usually don't go away by themselves. I have had this as well as dealt with these buggers with all my daughters and their pierced ears. You need to first remove the earring and clean the ear real good with alcohol or even a soap a water lather and a good rinse. Then, you need to apply pressure to the lump until it burst. It will more than likely drain from the opening of where the piercing is.....and be ready because this is gonna be gross! You will wonder how that much gunk can come from a tiny earlobe! It's infected. There will be pus and goop. Drain it out all the way and then clean it real good again.
Now...here's the key part.....you need something to fight the bacteria but also dry this up so it will close. Go back to your daughters starter studs and place the studs in a tiny capful of hydrogen peroxide for 10 minutes. It will bubble when ou do this. Wipe the ear down with alcohol again or pierced ear cleaning solution. Dip the starter earring post in Bacitracin ointment and put it back into her ear....the back needs to be on but not pressed right up against the ear. Clean the earlobe three times a day with the ear piercing cleaning solution or with and alcohol swab. Leave the starter earrings in and rotate them twice a day until everything heals. This usually happens for two main reasons....the back of the earring was too tight and didn't allow circulation and ventilation to the back of the piercing or your daughter might be allergic to nickel.
Good luck and hope it clears up very soon. If it keeps happening, switch to palladium, titanium, or surgical steel nickel free earring only.