For young children whose teeth are still forming, ingestion of fluoride increases the risk of Fluorosis. Flourosis is tooth mottling (teeth can develop brown discoloration and/or pitting.) Therefore, the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry recommends that “unless it is advised by your child’s pediatric dentist, do not use fluoridated toothpaste until age 2-3.”
Many toddlers are already getting fluoride at home via city water or community water wells that are treated with fluoride. Fluoride drops are sometimes prescribed for children who have non-fluoridated water at their home.
As for ingestion of fluoride leading to stomach ailments and/or death, a child would have to ingest a huge amount before becoming sick. The concept of a toddler becoming sick from the tiny amount of toothpaste he may swallow on a daily basis is more of an old-wives-tale. Simply use a small dab on the child's toothbrush. The use of fluoride at the appropriate age is important for preventing long-term tooth decay.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provides these additional recommendations to parents of young children:
1. Limit toothbrushing to 2 times a day.
2. Apply less than a pea-sized amount to the toothbrush.
3. Supervise tooth-brushing and encourage the child to spit out excess toothpaste.