R.M.
Hi Mom-
I work with a lot of parents how have biters through my parent coaching practice. Biting is a complex issue but here are the highlights.
Kids bite when they cannot express themselves properly. They are resulting to primal behaviors as an instinct. Telling your child to use thier words does not help, because AT that MOMENT they cannot think of words. Imagine you were just slapped in the face by a Nun, would you know what to say? This is what you're child feels, a lot of confusion, but cannot figure out what to do.
Another point, in 16 + years working with kids & families I have NEVER had time-outs work in the long run. You're goal when you "punish" is to teach good behavior & eliminate the bad, but time-outs do not do that at all.
Here is a quick what to do.
1) watch your child & anticipate a bite coming
2) run up & GIVE your child the words before he bites, "Tommy you need to tell Jimmy you were playing with that ball and you want it back."
3) praise for good decisions, like telling you when there is a problem
IF he bites-
1) remove him from the situatino
2) allow him to calm down & come to you when he is ready- this is how time outs really work, allowing you child to calm and come to you, not the structured system that turns into a 20 minute power struggle.
3) talk about the situation
4) give him the words he's missing- specifically feeling words- boys have a hard time with feeling words, and need help
5) try role playing to help him prepare for next time
Just telling your son to "be nice" or "don't bite" isn't helpful. Describe what "nice" is, give him an alternate behavior when he feels he needs to bite.
I hope this helps, it's a quick version of what I recommend to the parents I coach.
R. Magby