My husband and I are in the same position, I work full time during the day and he stays home with the kiddos. Our general schedule is that he manages the kids in the morning while I get ready for work and then I take them as soon as I get home from work. I handle evening and bedtimes, and finally end my “workday” when the kids are in bed. During the night, if anybody needs anything, he takes all issues after our bedtime so that I can get a full night’s rest for the workday. When our babies were really little, we would split up the nighttime effort – I would get up for any needs before 2 am and he would get up for any needs after 2 am (mostly because it was easier for me late at night then early morning). That system worked really, really well.
A huge part of this kind of setup is making sure everyone feels supported and that they have a little time off each day. I have a profoundly cooperative husband who works very hard to share the load and even we run into issues, it isn’t easy.
One thing that really helped us was to agree to, essentially, a work schedule for our home – work being shifts with the kids. He starts work first thing in the morning and gets off work when I get home. He starts work again when we go to bed (but he gets to sleep most of the shift :). Talking about it like a job can really help take the emotion out of it. His work with the kids is longer than mine of course, but it is more flexible because he can nap when possible, and has freedom of movement during the day.
Hope this helps. It is hard to get into a schedule, but really courtesy is the main issue. Think of the other person’s needs as much as your own and recognize that both jobs – staying home and going to work – are equally difficult in different ways. Once you both can agree to that mindset, setting limits and talking about needs can get a lot easier!!
Good luck. We have been doing this for over 5 years now and, although we still run into issues every once in awhile, as long as we are focused on making sure the other person knows that they are supported and are flexible to step in if needed, it is a great way to raise our kids!
Take care!